Cannabis seeds 101: How to select, plant, and care for cannabis seeds

Cannabis is grown from one of two sources: a seed or a clone. Seeds carry genetic information from two parent plants that can be expressed in numerous different combinations, some like the mother, some like the father, and many presenting various traits from both. Generally, commercial cannabis producers will plant many seeds of one strain and choose the best plant. They will then take clones from that individual plant to get consistent genetics for mass production.

Some varieties of cannabis can produce male parts alongside female flowers on the same plant, especially if exposed to environmental stressors. These plants are known as hermaphrodites, and sometimes they can self-pollinate to create seeds.

Cannabis seeds 101: A guide for growers

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Seeds for these varieties are now widely available online and through dispensaries. It should be noted, however, that any plant grown from these seeds is not guaranteed to produce high levels of CBD, as it takes many years to create a seed line that produces consistent results. A grower looking to produce cannabis with a certain THC to CBD ratio will need to grow from a tested and proven clone or seeds.

Really dedicated breeders have worked for years to create inbred lines, or IBLs, that will produce plants with very little noticeable difference. IBLs represent only a small fraction of cannabis seeds on the market, as they are generally used by breeders and not by producers.

Cannabis seeds can be found on numerous online seedbanks, but note that it is illegal to bring seeds into the US and Customs will seize any cannabis seeds that they find in packages or on a person. In legal and medical states, you may purchase seeds at a dispensary.

If you are a new cannabis grower, your selection of marijuana seeds will be decisive for the success or failure of your crops. There are strains that will forgive you for many errors, while other, delicate strains can result in plants with little production following an error.

Ideally, you will have to prepare the soil with natural fertilizers before starting to germinate the seeds. When cannabis roots are placed directly into the soil, they produce the best harvests and generally have better growth.

Starting a cannabis plant from seed is common, particularly for outdoor production. Well-stored cannabis seeds can be used years after their creation but come with a few notable constraints.

Please note: This guide is intended to provide general information regarding issues relating to the Sales and Use Tax Laws, Cannabis Tax Law, and other programs administered by California Department of Tax and Fee Administration (CDTFA) that may affect cannabis businesses. It is not intended to provide advice or guidance related to other state and local statutes and regulations relating to the cannabis industry. Additionally, for the Federal Government's guidance regarding marijuana enforcement, refer to the U.S. Department of Justice website.

Each section of this guide contains important information relevant to cannabis businesses. The Getting Started section provides key resources related to registration, filing returns, account maintenance, and other information cannabis business may need.

This guide is intended to provide general information regarding issues relating to the Sales and Use Tax Laws, Cannabis Tax Law, and other programs administered by California Department of Tax and Fee Administration (CDTFA) that may affect the cannabis industry. It is not intended to provide advice or guidance in relation to other state and local statutes and regulations relating to the cannabis industry. For information regarding California cannabis licensing please contact the Department of Cannabis Control. Additionally, for the Federal Government's guidance regarding marijuana enforcement, see the U.S. Department of Justice website.

This guide is intended to provide general information regarding issues relating to the Sales and Use Tax Law, Cannabis Tax Law, and other programs administered by the California Department of Tax and Fee Administration (CDTFA) which may affect the cannabis industry. It is not intended to provide advice or guidance in relation to other state and local statutes and regulations relating to the cannabis industry. For information regarding California cannabis licensing please contact the Department of Cannabis Control. Additionally, for the Federal Government's guidance regarding marijuana enforcement, see the U.S. Department of Justice website.

The Cannabis Tax Law and the Health and Safety Code define cannabis and cannabis products. "Cannabis" is defined "all parts of the plant Cannabis sativa L., whether growing or not; the seeds thereof; the resin extracted from any part of the plant; and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of the plant, its seeds or resin" and does not include industrial hemp.

Please note: This guide is intended to provide general information regarding issues relating to the Sales and Use Tax Laws, Cannabis Tax Law, and other programs administered by California Department of Tax and Fee Administration (CDTFA) that may affect the cannabis industry. It is not intended to provide advice or guidance in relation to other state and local statutes and regulations relating to the cannabis industry. Additionally, for the Federal Government's guidance regarding marijuana enforcement, see the U.S. Department of Justice website.

Effective January 1, 2018, through June 30, 2022, a cultivation tax was imposed on cultivators for all harvested cannabis, except immature plants and seeds, that enters the commercial market based on the weight and category of the cannabis. There are currently three categories:

The cultivation tax applies to all harvested cannabis that enters the commercial market before July 1, 2022. Cannabis enters the commercial market when the cannabis or cannabis products, except for immature cannabis plants, clones and seeds, have completed and comply with both the quality assurance review and testing as required in the Medicinal and Adult-Use Cannabis Regulation and Safety Act. If the cannabis or cannabis product does not pass the required testing, cannot be remediated, and does not enter the commercial market, you are entitled to the return of the cultivation tax that was collected from you. The distributor is responsible for returning the cultivation tax that was collected from you.

The cultivation tax does not apply to the sale or transfer of immature plants, including clones, or seeds. The cultivation tax is imposed on cultivators for harvested cannabis that enters the commercial market; however, the definition of "enters the commercial market" specifically excludes immature plants and seeds.

Immature plants, clones, and seeds are subject to the 15 percent cannabis excise tax when sold at retail. Nurseries may sell immature plants, clones, or seeds to another cannabis licensee. However, a distributor is required to transport the cannabis from the nursery to the licensee and when the immature plants, clones, or seeds are sold or transported to a retailer, the distributor is also required to collect the 15 percent cannabis excise tax from the retailer based on the average market price of the immature plants, clones, or seeds. The retailer is responsible for collecting the cannabis excise tax from their retail customers when the immature plants, clones, or seeds are sold at retail.

Please note: This guide is intended to provide general guidance regarding issues relating to the Sales and Use Tax Laws, Cannabis Tax Law, and other programs administered by CDTFA that may affect the cannabis industry. It is not intended to provide advice or guidance in relation to other state and local statutes and regulations relating to the cannabis industry. Additionally, for the Federal Government's guidance regarding marijuana enforcement, see the U.S. Department of Justice website.

This guide pertains to federally licensed production activities (including production, packaging, labelling, distribution, storage, sampling and testing) conducted with cannabis by licence holders, and the compliance of those licence holders with the GPP requirements set out in Part 5 of the Cannabis Regulations.

For more information on adverse reactions and recall reporting requirements, refer to the Cannabis recalls, adverse reactions and reportingpage on Health Canada's website. Information on requirements related to voluntary recalls of cannabis and cannabis products can also be found in Health Canada's Cannabis voluntary recall guide. 2ff7e9595c